Single-phase motor and operating method



SINGLE-PHASE MOTOR AND OPERATING METHOD Original Filed March 12, 1962 4Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTORJ' GEORGE A. NEYHOUSE JACK W SAVA E G I RALPH If.SHEWMON ATTORNEY y 1966 G. A. NEYHOUSE ETAL 3,263,144

SINGLE-"PHASE MOTOR AND OPERATING METHOD 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 GEORGE A.NEYHOUSE JACK l/V. SAVAGE K. SHEWMON BY ATTORNEY Original Filed March12. 1962 y ,-1966 e. A. NEYHOUSE ETAL 3,263,144

SINGLE-PHASE MOTOR AND OPERATING METHOD Original Filed March 12. 1962 4Sheets-Sheet 4 m a C) vm a Lu I a 1 ""5 HQ 55 U I I W W F (SP 2 v) 21\ug Mann-0 w 2 H H w Q INVENTORS GEORGE A. NEYHOUSE o'v flm l JACK W.SAVAGE N RALPH K SHEWMON z w l BY ATfo/wvfr United A States Patent3,263,144 SINGLE-PHASE MOTOR AND OPERATING METHOD George A. Neyhouse,Jack W. Savage, and Ralph K. Shewmon, Dayton, Ohio, assignors to GeneralMotors Corporation, Detroit, Mich., a corporation of Delaware Originalapplications Mar. 12, 1962, Ser. No. 178,803,-now Patent No. 3,211,982,dated Oct. 12, 1965, and July 16, 1962, Ser. No. 210,258, now Patent No.3,229,180, dated Jan. 11, 1966. Divided and this application July 19,1965, Ser. No. 472,871

5 Claims. (Cl. 318--224) This is a division of co-pend-ing applicationSerial No. 210,258-Neyhouse et al., filed July 16, 1962, now Patent3,229,l80Neyho-use et al., issued January 11, 1966, as well as ofanother copending parent division S.N. 178,- 803Neyhouse et al., filedMarch 12, 1962, now Patent 3,211,982Neyhouse et al., issued October 12,1965, be-

. longing to the assignee of the present invention and based uponoriginal disclosure of abandoned application Serial Number804,223Neyhouse et al., filed April 6, 1959.

This invention relates to dynamoelectric machines, and particularly, toa multi-speed motor.

An object of this invention is to provide a new and improved motorutilizing a number of individual equallyspaced wound portionscollectively to form electrical poles, all being electricallyconnect-able and energizable to be active in every mode of operation.

Another object of this invention is to provide a motor stator windinghaving a number of individual portions generally totallying the leastcommon multiple m of each of the 12 numbers of electrical poles at whichthe motor is to operate, each wound portion extending an arcuatedistance equal to or greater than 360/ m and being connectable into ngroups, each group consisting of m/n adjacent wound portions of likepolarity to effect a pole, such a systern being equally usable in bothsingle and polyphase machines.

Another object of this invention is to provide a singlephase motorhaving plural wound portions oi a single winding connectable to form twoand four electrical poles relative to a stator iron assembly andadaptable to have conducting material of the winding active at all timesfor operations including two pole start, two pole run and/ or four polerun attainable by proper orientation of current flow through conductingmaterial and in which selected wound portions are subjected to additionand removal of phase shifting means such as an inductance, capacitanceor resistance and capacitance for starting and running operationrespectively.

A further object of this invention is to provide a method of starting amotor having a winding of which all conducting material is always activeso that for starting at minimum electrical pole ratio n this number ofpoles'n can be taken to be parallel wound but connectable in seriesbranches whereby the turns ratio of the wound portions subjected to aphase shifting means is doubled for starting duty.

Another object of this invention is to provide a method of starting amotor having a windin g of which all conducting mate-rial is alwaysactive using parallel conductorsfor at least a portion of the motorconductors so as to permit variation of strength of power or torque ofthe motor by switching of electrical connections of wound portionsforming the winding.

Another object of this invention is to provide a dynamoelectric machine.and operating methods whereby all conducting material of a winding isactive always and adapted to be connectable to obtain two to one speedand electrical pole ratio due to predetermined placement and tapping ofthe conducting material relative to a stator iron assembly to getmulti-speed running and starting operation.

- accordance with the present invention.

FIGURE 1a illustrates a control circuit for use with the machine ofFIGURE 1.

Slight variation of the FIGURE 1 diagrammatic representation ofconnections relative to a thirty-two slot, six lead, nonreversibleseries Wound two-four pole dynamoelectric machine can provide for athirty-two sl-ot, seven lead, reversible series wound two-(four poledynamoelectric machine in accordance with the present invention.

FIGURE 2a illustrates a control circuit for use with the machine madereversible by seven lead connection thereto.

FIGURE 3 is a plan view of a stator and coil assembly along withdiagrammatic representation of connections relative thereto for atwenty-four slot, five lead, reversible parallel :wound two-four poledynamoelectric machine in accordance wit-h the present invention.

FIGURE 3a illustrates a control circuit for use with the machine ofFIGURE 3.

FIGURES 4 and 4a illustrate diagrammatically another embodiment forstarting and running connections, respectively, for a dynamoelectricmachine having a winding in accordance with the present invention.

'FIGURE 5 illustrates diagrammatically another control circuit forestablishing running andstarting connections for a dynamoelectricmachine having a winding in accordance with the present invention.

FIGURE 6 illustrates diagrammatically a further modified control circuitfor establishing running and starting connections ifior a dynamoelectricmachine having a winding in accordance with the present invention.

A need exists in the appliance industry for a multispeed motor ordynamoelectric machine requiring a minimum of materials which can beassembled to form a compact unit requiring less space than previouslyknown multispeed motors. For example, appliances such as laundryequipment and air conditioners can advantageously use a multi-speedmotor. For laundry equipment such as a washing machine having a programof operation including various cycles at differing speeds, there canbe'a saving in time and expense in manufacture and operation of thelaundry equipment. Benefits of this saving in time, labor and expenseaccrue to both the manufacturer and to the customer. Previousmulti-speed motors have been found expensive due'to a cost premium inlabor and material involved in installing an auxiliary high speedwinding along with a normal low speed running winding and necessarystarting windings. Also, on appliances such as a washing machine thereare various cycles of operation during which a motor is required tohandle different loads 1 involving diiferences in power and torque.However, ap-

pliance manufacturers are reluctant to use two speed motors requiringcost premium in labor and material due to installation of an auxiliaryhigh speed winding along with a normal low speed running and startingwinding. The present invention provides a new multi-speed motor having awinding relative to which tap-in leads and electrical connections areestablished for difiering modes or methods of operation whereby a motorhavinga single inserted winding can be made to start and finally run ateither two or tour pole speeds.

A dynamo-electric machine or motor in accordance with the presentinvention has only one wind-ing comprising a number of wound coilportions from which predetermined numbers of electrical poles can beformed as desired by establishing wiring connections relative to thecoil p:or tions as will be described in further detail below. The motorof the present invention can be used as a multiple speed motor withoutdiscrete first and second primary or running windingsand/ or withoutdiscrete first and second auxiliary or starting windings. To effectsaving in cost of material and labor and also to permit multi-speedoperation, a single winding is provided made up of multiple coilportions which are adapted to be connected in circuits wherein allconducting material of the single winding is active for allmodes ofoperation of the multi-speed motor. Each wound coil portion may consistof one or more coils mutually located either concentrically oroverlapping. As illustrated in FIGURE 1, a dynamoelec-tric machine ormotor in accordance with the present invention includes a statorgenerally indicated by numeral having aplurality of slots 10s inalignment relative to each other as a number of sheet metal statorlaminations are joined to form an assembly relative to which a pluralityof dividual equally-spaced wound collectively-formed poles, referred toas coil portions, numbering, per phase, a common multiple, usually theleast common multiple, of each of the n number of poles at which themotor is to operateelectrically which can be referred to by a letter m.For optimum running operation of a. polyspeed induction motor whereinall stator'conductor material is active for every mode of operation, ithas been found that each coil portion of a winding in accordance withthe present invention should span or subtend a 360/m are. For optimumsingle-phase starting operation, each coil portion should sub-tend anarcgreater than 360/m. The coil portions of a single winding fittedrelative to a stator must be connected foroperation as an nt-p-oie motorby dividing the coil portions, per phase, into n groups, each groupconsisting of m/n adjacent like polarity coil portions. Starting ofsingle-phase motors is accomplished by establishing phase-shiftrelationship in a portion of the Winding. For example, starting can'beaccomplished by connecting the phase shifting means such as acapacitance relative to a series combination of right-hand coil portionsof each group. For m pole starting, phase-shift can be effected by usingfractional coil portions. Operation is feasible atany numberofpoleswhich is an even integral factor of m and at 2m poles byconsequent pole connection of all coil portions. Thus, a multi-speedmotor in accordance with the present invention can be provided with aplurality of coil portions electrically connectable relative to eachother toprovide speed ratios and electrical relationships due toconnections for a two-to-one pole ratio.

-An-example of another embodiment of the present invention involvingratios other than 2 to 1 would be a 4 to 6 pole ratio availablein adynamoelectric machine as described in U.S.'Patent 2,989,654-Neyhouse.et a1. issued June 20, 1961.

'In Patent 2,989,654 there is a disclosurerelated to a four-six poledynamoelectric machine having a single winding including coil portionsone through twelve which are fitted into slots of a stator assembly intwo or more layers such that a double overlapping of ends of the coilportions occurs relative to each other and electrical poles are definedby summation of flux forces induced by flow of electrical current inconducting material of all of the coil portions at all times.

A single winding having only four concentric wound coil portions isillustrated in FIGURE 1. The coil portions as mentioned earlier areidentified by Roman numerals I, II, III and'IV in FIGURE 1. Coil portionI, for example, is formed to have a radially outer sector located deepin slots 1 and 16. The span of each of the coil portions in theembodiment of FIGURE 1 is equivalent to the arcuate distance betweenslots 1-16. Each of the coil portions in the embodiment of FIGURE 1includes a total of six concentric sectors or segments. It is tobe notedthat the coil portions I, II, III, and IV are alternately located inpositions radially inwardly and radially outwardly relative to the slotsper se. As indicated above, more than four coil portions can beprovided. A total of six leads is brought out from the four coilportions in the embodiment of FIGURE 1. The stator for the embodiment ofFIGURE 1 has thirty-two slots and the elements of the single winding areadapted to be connected as a nonreversible two-four pole motor.

FIGURE 1a represents both a control circuit and wiring diagram toillustrate connections of leads from the winding coil portions shown inFIGURE 1 and adapted to be connected relative to a phase shifting meansor capacitor 12. It is to be understood that a resistance or reactancecan be used in place of the capacitance identified by numeral 12. FIGURE1a illustrates a control circuit for use with the machine of FIGURE 1and connections to reverse current flow in predetermined coil portionsdue to energization from a source of line voltage are established bymeans of a double pole double throw switch generally indicated bynumeral 14. A starting relay which can be a centrifugal switch is shownin FIGURE 1a and includes a relay coil 16c adapted to be energizedthrough a pair of leads 16a and 16b connected to centrifugal switchcontacts 16d and 16a respectively. A speed selector switch indicated bynumeral 17 is provided as shown relative to lead 16a and can be closedfior four pole operation. The double pole double throw relay 14 isoperated and energized'through coil 16c when starting switch 16s is openand the speed selector switch 17 is closed for four pole runningoperation. During four pole running operation the leads 11y and 11b fromcoil portions I and IV are connected to a source of line voltage. A lead11g is connected to a lead 1 1w by way of relay 14 for four poleoperation. Thus, in effect, for four pole running the coil portions 1,II, III and IV are connected in series and produce instantaneouspolarities of n-s-n-s (north and south), alternately around the stator.For two pole operation, both of the leads 11y and 11w are connected to asource of. line voltage but leads 11g and 11w are connected differentlyby the double polo double throw switch 14 having contact arms adapted tobe positioned relative to a two pole connection whenever the speedselector switch 17 is open and/or switch 16s is closed between contacts16d and 16e. For the two pole connection the leads 11g and 11bareconnected to each other such that a series circuit is establishedfrom the lead 11w to coil portion II to coil portion I to coil portionIII to coil portion IV to the lead 11y. A centrifugal switch contact armor shorting bar 16s is adapted to bridge and close a circuit directlyacross the contacts 16d and "16e,.for attaining two pole startingoperation. In accordance with the circuit shown by FIGURE 1a, a shift inthe phase of current in coil portions I and III is established byconnecting the phase shiftin g means such as capacitance 12 in parallelrelative to the series connected coil portions I and III. Upon reachinga predetermined speed,-the-switcl1 contact arm 16s of the motor iscausedto open the circuitacross the contacts 16d and 162 so as to permitrunning operation of the motor as a two pole motor utilizing coilportions II and I in series to produce an effective north polarityelectrical pole and coil portions III and IV to produce an effectivesouth polarity electrical pole. -With starting switch 16s open betweencontacts 16d and 16s closure of the speed selector switch 17 can effectfour pole running motor operation because a limited current will flowthrough coil 16c and phase shifting means or capacitor 12 in seriessufficient in magnitude to effect movement of an armature 14a of thedouble pole double throw switch relative to the coil 16c for causingmovement of the contact arms 140 of the double pole double throw switch14 to a four pole running connection position as in FIGURE 1a.Regardless of the position of speed selector switch 17, starting isalways accomplished with the motor connected for two pole startingswitch 16s causing the speed selector relay to remain deenergized untilsaid switch 16s opens, at which time the motor either remains connectedfor two pole running or transfers to four pole running connection inresponse to the selection provided by speed selector switch 17 inconjunction with the speed selector relay 160. The coil portions in thetop and bottom of slots shown in the working model stator of FIGURE 1are wound using a #20 wire having thirteen turns for each of six sectorsper element. As indicated in FIGURE 1a, the coil portions I and IV havethe same polarity for both two and four pole connection. The polaritiesfor coil portions I and IV are n and s, north and south respectively.Coil portion III has a south polarity for two pole operation and a north.pO- larity for four pole open-ation while coil portion II has a northpolarity for two pole operation and a south polarity for four poleoperation.

FIGURE 2aillustrates a control circuit and wiring diagram for use withthe machine similar to that of FIGURE 1 through utilizing seven leadsthereto and reversible in operation. A pair of leads are connected to asource of line voltage for both two and four pole operation as indicatedin the control circuit of FIGURE 2a. For two pole operation, the leads21g and My as well as leads 21x and 21b, respectively, are connected toeach other by setting a double pole double throw switch 24 to a two poleposition. For four pole operation, leads 21b and 21y as well as leads21g and 21x, respectively, are connected to each other by setting thedouble pole double throw switch 24 to a four pole position by locationof contact arms 240 I in the four pole position in FIGURE 2a. A singlepole single throw switch 25 is provided and when connected to a positionrelative to coil portion I as shown in FIGURE 2a, the circuit atstarting will result in counterclockwise rotation of the dynamoelectricmachine. Conversely, when the single pole single throw switch isconnected to coil portion IV or to the left in the view of FIGURE 2a,clockwise rotation is obtained at starting. A speed selector switch 27connected with a relay coil 260 by means of leads 26a and 26]) can beclosed to effect four pole operation due to energization of the solenoidand movement of an armature 24a affected thereby to shift positions ofthe speed selector, double pole double throw switch. As shown in thenon-energized position, two pole operation is indicated. When the speedselector switch 27 is closed to select four pole running, a circuit isclosed through a phase shifting means 22 connected to a lead 21r whichprovides a tap-in connection between coil portions 11 and III providedstarting switch arm 26a is open between cont acts 26a and 26e. For twopole running operation, the speed selector switch 27 is open and thecircuit across contacts 26d and 26e is opened by a switch arm 26s whichis part of a centrifugal switch provided relative to the motor in awell-known manner. The phase shifting means or capacitor 22 is connectedin parallel across coil portions I and III for effecting starting in acounterclockwise direcand the phase shifting means is connected inparallel across coil portions II and IV for starting in a. clockwisedirection. Suitable leads are connectable by way of the double poledouble throw switch 24 to obtain circuit connections for two and tourpole operations as described above. Regardless of the position of speedselector switch 27, starting is always accomplished with the motorconnected for two pole starting, switch 26s causing the speed selectorrelay to remain deenergized until said switch 26s opens, at which timethe motor either remains connected for two pole running or transfers tofour pole running connection in response to the selection provided byspeed selector switch 27 in conjunction with the speed selector relay260. Each of the coil portions of the single winding is formed using a#20 wire size including thirteen turns per sector for each of sixsectors form-ing each coil portion.

FIGURE 3 is a plan view of a stator and coil assembly along with adiagrammatic representation of connections relative thereto for atwenty-four slot, five lead, reversible parallel wound, two-four pole.dynamoelectric machine in accordance with the present invention. Astator generally indicated by numeral 30 is provided with a total oftwentyfiour radially inwardly extending slots 30s which are alignedrelative to each other as represented by a groove 30g located along aradially outer periphery of the stator 30. Winding coil portionscovering an arcuate distance between slots 1-12, 7-18, 13-24 and 19-6are identified by Roman numerals I, II, III and IV. Each coil portion isformed to have a total of five concentric sectors or segments each ofwhich includes thirty-two turns of #19 wire size. FIGURE 3a illustratesa control circuit for use with the machine of FIGURE 3. It is noted thatthe embodiment of FIGURE 3 prov-ides a single winding having a pluralityof identical coil portions uniformly and symmetrically distributedrelative to twenty-four slots and from which only five leads are broughtout. Series parallel connections are established for the coil portionsrelative to each other. As illustrated, leads 31a and 31y are con-nectedto a source of power or line voltage and directly to coil portions I andIV at all times. Coil portions II and III are alternately connected toleads 31a and 31y respectively. For two pole operation, lead 31w isconnected to lead 31y and for tour pole operation lead 31w is connectedto lead 310.

A lead 31r provides a connection relative to a phase shifting means suchas a capacitor 32. A double pole I double throw switch generallyindicated by numeral 34 is provided in the circuit and includes contactarms 32c which can be moved in pairs to provide either two pole or fourpole running speed selection. The illustration in FIGURE 3a shows thearms 34c in two pole position. An armature 34a of a relay having a coil360 is adapted to be moved for effecting positioning of the arms 34c toestablish connection of lead 31y to lead 31w for two pole operation orto lead 31g for four pole operation. Positioning of the arms 340 forfour pole connection also establishes connection of the lead 31a to awire means 31w which, for two pole connections is electrically connectedto lead 31y. The coil 36c is connectable by way of leads 36a and 36brelative to terminals or contacts 36d and 362. A speed selector switch37 is provided in line 36a and this switch when closed, elfects acompletion of a circuit through the phase shifting means or capacitor 32by way of the lead 31r to energize coil 360 when stator switch 36s isopen. A connection can be completed through this lead relative to thephase shifting means or capacitor 32 by way of a bridging arm or switchmember 36s of a centrifugal switch. The centrifugal switch is closedonly during starting operation and remains open during two pole runningand four pole running operation. A single pole double throw switch 35can be positioned to the left or to the right to establishcounterclockwise or clockwise rotations respectively. For two poleoperation, the arms 340 of the double throw switch 34 remain in the twopole position with relay coil 36c deenergized such that leads 31y and31w are connected to one side of a source of line voltage and furtherleads are connected to an opposite side of a source of line voltage.Coil portions II and IV are thus connectable in parallel with each otherduring two pole starting and running operation and coil portions I andIII are connectable in parallel with each other. The phase shiftingmeans or capacitor 32 can be connected in parallel with either group forclockwise or counterclockwise operation by positioning of the switch 35to the left or to the right as indicated in FIGURE 3a. The polarities ofthe coil portions are indicated by letters n and s, north and south,respectively in the views of FIGURE 3a. The coil portion I has a northpolarity both during two pole and four pole operation while the coilportion IV has a south polarity during both two pole and four poleoperation. Coil portion II has a north polarity for two pole operationand south polarity for four pole operation. Coil portion III has a southpolarity for two pole operation and a north polarity for four poleope-ration. Regardless of the position of speed selector switch 37,starting is always accomplished with the motor connected for two polestarting, switch 36s causing the speed selector relay to remaindeenergized until said switch 26s opens, at which time the motor eitherremains connected for two pole running or transfers to four pole runningconnection in response to the selection provided by speed selectorswitch 37 in conjunction with the speed selector relay 36c.

FIGURES 4- and 4a illustrate diagrammatically another embodiment forstarting and running connections respectively, for coil portions of a'dynamoelectric machine having a winding in accordance with the presentinvention. FIGURE 4 shows a circuit for establishing starting operationin which coil portions 1, III and portions of coils II and IV areconnected in series relative to each other. In accordance with theembodiment of FIGURE 4, both coil portions II and IV are wound using apair of parallel wires such that portions of each of these individualcoils are located adjacent to each other relative to slots of atwenty-four slot or thirty-two slot stator for example. Seriesconnections of the portions of coils II and IV are then connected inseries such that a portion of coil II identified as portion II-a is inseries with a portion of coil IV identified as portion IV-A which, inturn, is in series with portion IIB in series with portion IVB. Acentrifugal switch contact 46s is adapted to close a connection wherebya phase shifting means or capacitance 42 is connected in parallelrelative to the four series connected portions of coil portions II andIV. The identification of coil portions LII-III-IV coincide with thenumber of coil portions and the branches or portions of coils II and IVare all connected in series with each other. Improved starting torqueper ampere of current applied to these branches or portions of coils IIand IV is obtained by the connection shown in FIGURE 4. Thus, greaterstarting torque is obtained using the same value of phase shifting meansor capacitance as was used in the embodiment of FIGURE 1. The turnsratio of the capacitor shunted branches or portions of coils or coilportions II and IV as compared with the coils I and III is 2 to 1 forstarting duty. FIGURE 4a illustrates parallel connections of seriesinternal connections between portions or branches IIA and IVA in seriesrelative to each other and in parallel relative to series connectedportions or branches II-B and IVB. The centrifugal starting switch arm46s is shown in an open position whereby the phase shifting means orcapacitance 42 is not connected in parallel relative to these portionsor branches of coil portions II and IV. All conducting material of allportions or branches of all coil portions is active at all times. It isto be understood that the wire size used for winding parallel portionsof each of the coil portions II and IV need not be the same and thenfurther modification of the starting torque is available.

FIGURE 5 illustrates another embodiment for starting a motor inaccordance with the present invention. In FIGURE 5 each of the coilportions has parallel wound portions identified by letters A and Bassociated with coil portions 1, II, III and IV. In the embodiment ofFIGURE 5, parallel wound portions A and B of each of the coil portionsare connected in series. Also, coil portion I has portions LA and 1-13connected in series with parallel wound portions III-A and III-B of coilportion III. Similarly, parallel wound portions II-A and II-B of coilportion II are connected in series with portions IV-A and IVB of coilportion IV. Thus, coil portions I and III are in series with each otherto form north and south polarities respectively, while coil portions IIand IV are in series with each other also to 'form north and southpolarities. It is to be understood that the embodiment of FIGURE '5illustrates two pole starting and thus a phase shifting means orcapacitance indicated by numeral 52 is connectable in series through acentrifugal switch arm 56s. The leads are provided such that the phaseshifting means 52 can be connected in parallel relative only to portionsII-B and IV-A. It is to be understood that different wire sizes can beused for the portions of each of the coils wound in parallel withrespect to each coil and thus further modification of starting torquecan be obtained. Coil portions 1-111 and II-IV can have individualportions of each in series with each other but the over-all connectionmust be in parallel as shown in FIGURE 5 so as to obtain angulardifference in currents in at least two portions of a pair of differingcoil portions for phase shift necessary to obtain starting torque. Oncethe centrifugal switch operates, the motor in accordance wtih thepresent invention can run at the same number of poles as used forstarting. A two pole high single speed operation is thus obtained.

FIGURE 6 illustrates another embodiment in which a pair of conductors orwires are wound in parallel for each coil portion of a single winding inaccordance with the present invention. The wires can be or need not bethe same size relative to each other. Coil portions II and IV haveportions A in series with each other and portions B in series with eachother all connectable in parallel relative to coil portions I and IIIafter a 'normally open centrifugal switch indicated by numeral '66scloses a circuit through the portions II-B and IVB. The polarities ofcoils areas indicated in the view of FIGURE 6.

FIGURES 4, 4a, 5 and 6 showing connected for single speed starting andrunning are adaptable to multi-speed running operations as in FIGURES 2band 3b by addition of switching means to effect reversal of connectionsin coil portions II and III.

Similar winding and connection techniques can be applied to generatorsin order to achieve operation with more than one number of poles.

While the embodiments of the present invention as herein disclosedconstitute preferred forms, it .is to be understood that other formsmight be adopted.

What is claimed is as follows:

1. A dynamoelectric machine, stator means and operating connectionscomprising, a magnetic core having slots therein, a winding including atleast four conductive coil portions positioned in the slots in at leasttwo layers and each wound to span a predetermined number of slots,double-pole double-throw switching means to reverse instantaneous polarpolarity generated by series connection of said coil portions such thatduration of current flow in at least a portion of said coil portionsresults in flux for operation including both starting and running underdiffering numbers of poles, a phase shifting means joined effectivelyfor use in parallel across a predetermined number of said coil portionsof said winding that is totally active at all times, means for removingsaid phase shifting means from eiIective use with said predeterminednumber of said coil portions, and single-pole double-throw switchingmeans movable into first and second positions and adapted to connectsaid phase shifting means for use with said predetermined number of saidcoil portions when said single-pole double-throw switching means is inthe one position, said single-pole double-throw switching means when inthe second position being adapted toconnect said phaseshifting means foruse with remaining coil portions other than said predetermined number ofcoil portion of said single Winding for reversible operation of saiddynamoelectric machine at multiple speeds with said winding.

combination of resultant poles, said winding including four coilportions reconnectable to give two-four pole running and two polestarting in either direction of rotation by connection of phase shiftingmeans such as a capacitor specifically across midpoint of the totalwinding at the juncture of two adjacent coil portions and either side ofsupply line, two opposite coil portions being in parallel to each otherand in series with the other two coil portions in parallel with phaseshifting means such as a capacitor, all of said coil portions beingfully energized at all times.

4. For a single-phase dynarnoelectric machine, stator means comprising,a magnetic core having multiple slots and a plurality of individualwinding coil portions positioned in said slots and collectively toprovide a single winding having said coil portions electricallyconnectable and energizable to be totally active in each mode ofoperation including starting by use of a phase shifting means andrunning at more than one nominal speed, and switching means to effectchange of connections of said coil portions being all connectable inseries during one mode of operation as well as alternately with at leasta parallel-connected pair of coil portions together having a seriesconnection to remaining coil portions with the phase shifting means suchas a capacitor connected to a common juncture between predeterminedwinding coil portions and selectably to one of a pair of supply lines toeffect reversibility.

5 Stator means and operating connections for a multispeed dynamoelectricmachine comprising, a magnetic core having multiple slots thereintotalling at least two dozen, plural winding coil portions havingopposite sides covering an arcuate distance at least between slots 1-12,7-18, 13-24 and 19-6, identifiable by Roman numerals I, II, III and IV,respectively, each formed to include a predetermined total ofconcentrically located segments thereof, a source of power including apair of leads connected to one of two sides of each of coil portions Iand IV respectively, wiring means to establish a common connection fromremaining sides of coil portions I and IV as well as one of two sides ofeach of coil portions II and III, a phase shifting means and startingswitch means in series with each other and energizable between thecommon connection and one of the power leads so as to be in parallelwith one pair of coil portions, and relay means including a switch armportion and solenoidarmature portion therewith movable simultaneouslydue to energization using said phase shifting means, said switch armportions having contacts whereby alternately remaining sides of coilportions II and III can be con nected individually to either of thepower leads so as to effect reversal of electrical polarity of coilportions II and III for multi-speed operation.

References Cited by the Examiner UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,813,239 11/1957La Cour 318-224 2,817,050 12/1957 La Cour 318224 3,031,606 4/ 1962Cantonwine 318-224 ORIS L. RADER, Primary Examiner.

G. Z. RUBINSON, Assistant Examiner.

1. A DYNAMOELECTRIC MACHINE, STATOR MEANS AND OPERATING CONNECTIONSCOMPRISING, A MAGNETIC CORE HAVING SLOTS THEREIN, A WINDING INCLUDING ATLEAST FOUR CONDUCTIVE COIL PORTIONS POSITIONED IN THE SLOTS IN AT LEASTTWO LAYERS AND EACH WOUND TO SPAN A PREDETERMINED NUMBER OF SLOTS,DOUBLE-POLE DOUBLE-THROW SWITCHING MEANS TO REVERSE INSTANTANEOUS POLARPOLARITY GENERATED BY SERIES CONNECTION OF SAID COIL PORTIONS SUCH THATDURATION OF CURRENT FLOW IN AT LEAST A PORTION OF SAID COIL PORTIONSRESULTS IN FLUX FOR OPERATION INCLUDING BOTH STARTING AND RUNNING UNDERDIFFERING NUMBERS OF POLES, A PHASE SHIFTING MEANS JOINED EFFECTIVELYFOR USE IN PARALLEL ACROSS A PREDETERMINED NUMBER OF SAID COIL PORTIONSOF SAID WINDING THAT IS TOTALLY ACTIVE AT ALL TIMES, MEANS FOR REMOVINGSAID PHASE SHIFTING MEANS FROM EFFECTIVE USE WITH SAID PREDETERMINEDNUMBER OF SAID COIL PORTIONS, AND SINGLE-POLE DOUBLE-THROW SWITCHINGMEANS MOVABLE INTO FIRST AND SECOND POSITIONS AND ADAPTED TO CONNECTSAID PHASE SHIFTING MEANS FOR USE WITH SAID PREDETERMINED